The Suwannee Canal was dug across the swamp in the late 19th century in a failed attempt to drain the Okefenokee. Due to relative isolation, the inhabitants of the Okefenokee used Elizabethan phrases and syntax, preserved since the early colonial period when such speech was common in England, well into the 20th century. Modern-day longtime residents of the Okefenokee Swamp, referred to as "Swampers", are of overwhelmingly English ancestry. Johns River, near the riverside terminus of North Florida's camino real. The Oconi's boating skills, developed in the hazardous swamps, likely contributed to their later employment by the Spanish as ferrymen across the St. The Spanish friars built the mission of Santiago de Oconi nearby in order to convert them to Christianity. The earliest known inhabitants of the Okefenokee Swamp were the Timucua-speaking Oconi, who dwelt on the eastern side of the swamp. One of the canals in the Okefenokee Swamp Marys River Shoals, and north again along the eastern side of Trail Ridge before turning east to the Atlantic.
Marys River, which drains only 5 to 10 percent of the swamp's southeastern corner, flows south along the western side of Trail Ridge, through the ridge at St. The Suwannee River originates as stream channels in the heart of the Okefenokee Swamp and drains at least 90 percent of the swamp's watershed southwest toward the Gulf of Mexico. Marys River and the Suwannee River both originate in the swamp. The swamp is bordered by Trail Ridge, a strip of elevated land believed to have formed as coastal dunes or an offshore barrier island. The Okefenokee was formed over the past 6,500 years by the accumulation of peat in a shallow basin on the edge of an ancient Atlantic coastal terrace, the geological relic of a Pleistocene estuary. Though often translated as "land of trembling earth", the name is likely derived from Hitchiti oki fanôːki "bubbling water". The name Okefenokee is attested with more than a dozen variant spellings of the word in historical literature.
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